previous . . .
525
Vigil of the Epiphany
The octave day of St. Thomas is superseded by this vigil; only seven of the eight days of that octave are commemorated.
Matins
Invit. Christus natus est nobis
Lessons from diverse tracts
Haymo (d. 853) was a Monk and Bishop of Halberstadt (840-853).
See also Bede Homilies V, # 36.
Trans. WR
526
Lesson 2
‘Qui consurgens accepit puerum . . . in terram Israel.’, Mat. 2:21
527
Lauds
Prayer. Corda nostra quesumus Domine
Memorial of St. Thomas
Memorial of St. Edward
memorial of All Saints
528
Prime
Terce and the other Hours
Vigil on Sunday
Matins
529
Sermon of blessed Maximus
Trans. WR
Lesson 2
‘Ecce virgo in utero concipiet . . . nobiscum Deus.’, Mat. 1:23
‘Missus est Gabrielt angelus . . . et vocabis nomen ejus Jesum.’, cf. Luke 1:26, 31
530
Middle lessons of St. Thomas
Largely based on a letter of John of Salisbury relative to the murder of Thomas Becket. See History of the Conquest of England by the Normans, tr. W. Hazlitt., Appendix XI, p. 419 ff.
531
Lesson 6
‘. . . qui semper est in sanctis suis mirabilis et gloriosus.’, after Ps. 67:36
532
Lauds
Memorial of St. Thomas
Memorial of St. Edward
Prime
533
Vespers
As indicated in Harley 21r. this vespers is no longer part of the vigil, but part of the day of the Epiphany. This is important for the rubrics concerning the Sunday within the octave.
Chap. Surge illuminare
Resp. Reges Tharsis et insule. Ps. 71:10-11
534
Hymn. Hostis Herodes impie
Trans. (Performing Edition) P. Dearmer, EH: #38.
Trans. (Scholarly Edition) J. M. Neale, The Hymnal Noted: #17.
J. D. Chambers provides a translation in the Seven Hours of Prayer:340; revised in Laude Syon:105.
535
V. Omnes de Saba. Is. 60:6
Ant. Magi viderunt stellam. cf. Mat. 2:10ff.
536
Compline
Compline also appears in the Psalter, [381].
Ant. Lux de luce
Ant. Alleluya. Omnes de Saba venient
538
January 6: Epiphany.
Principal Double Feast
The image is of the adoration of the magi.
Besides omitting the invitatory psalm and the hymn, both the Breviarium Romanum 1529 and 1568 omit the opening versicles, Domine labia mea &c.
1 Ant. Afferte Domino. Ps. 28:1, Old Roman
539
2 Ant. Psallite Deo nostro. Ps. 46:7
3 Ant. Omnis tera adoret te. Ps. 65:4 (Old Roman ends with ‘altissime’.)
V. Omnes de Saba. Is. 60:6
This is not the usual versicle melody.
540
The image is of the adoration of the magi.
Lesson 1
‘Hec dicit Dominus Deus : convertimini ad me et salvi eritis.’, Is. 45:22
This is the standard ending for readings from prophetic books.
541
1 Resp. Illuminare, illumniare. Is. 60:1
542
2 Resp. Omnes de Saba. Is. 60:6; V. Ps. 71:10
543
4 Ant. Reges Tharsis. Ps. 71:10
5 Ant. Omnes gentes quascunque. Ps. 85:9
6 Ant. Venite adoremus eum. Ps. 94:6
544
V. Reges Tharsis. Ps. 71:10
Ant. Homo natus est. cf. Ps. 86:5
This antiphon and psalm are used instead of 6 Ant. Venite adoremus. during the week when the Invitatory psalm causes a duplication of Ps. 94. See the rubric at the second day of the Epiphany Octave.
Sermon of blessed Leo (SErmon XXXI)
Trans. WR. An English translation by William Bright, 1862, appears in Christian Ethereal Classics: NPNF-212.
545
4 Resp. Magi venerunt ab oriente
546
5 Resp. Interrogabat magos Herodes V. Mat. 2:2
547
6 Resp. Tria sunt munera
549
7 Ant. Fluminus impetus letificat. Ps. 45:5
8 Ant. Adorate Dominum. Ps. 95:9, Old Roman
9 Ant. Adorate Deum. Ps. 96:7
The translation uses ‘the Lord’ rather than ‘God’ to accommodate the music more effectively.
The above three antiphons all share the same melodic formula, which is also related to the short responsory melody with Alleluya in Mode VI.
V. Omnes gentes quascunque. Ps. 85:9
See Ant. 5 above.
550
Homily of blessed Gregory
Trans. WR. Another English translation appears in David Hurst, Gregory the Great: Forty Gospel Homilies (Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications, 1990): #8.
‘Quia et illis prophetie . . . non fidelibus data sunt.’, cf. I Cor. 14:22
7 Resp. Hodie in Jordane. see Mat. 3:7, Mark 1:9
551
8 Resp. Dies sanctificatus
553
9 Resp. In columbe specie. cf. Mat. 17:5; Ps. 28:3.
554
The image is of the baptism of Jesus.
V. Dominus vobiscum/Lec. Factum est autem cum baptizaretur.
Although this lesson, the genealogy from the Gospel of Luke, is not part of the mass, it appears not only in the printed breviaries/antiphonals but also in the printed missals/graduals. The fact that it is sung by the deacon may account for the fact that it is found in the ‘altar’ books as well as the ‘choir’ books. The considerable variations in detail amongst the sources may reflect the soloistic nature of this item.
The music of the genealogy has an interesting structure. The melody of the ‘Qui fuit’ section has nine cycles; the first eight cycles are of nine parts, and the last one of three parts. The ‘Qui fuit’ phrases are grouped in threes (indicated by the full bar-lines), each ending on the finalis (as does the first phrase itself). Each succeeding group of three phrases encompasses a higher range than the previous one.
559
V. Omnes de Saba. Is. 60:6
Lauds
1 Ant. Ante luciferum. cf. Ps. 109:3
560
2 Ant. Venit lumen tuum. cf. Is. 60:1
3 Ant. Apertis thesauris suis. after Mat. 2:11
562
Hymn. A Patre Unigenitus.
Anon. 10-11th. c.
Trans. (Performing Edition) J. M. Neale, Ancient Office Hymn Book, #16.
Trans. (Scholarly Edition) J. D. Chambers, Laude Syon:109.
The hymn is an imperfect acrostic running from A through T.
The Breviarium fratrum predicatorum (Basle, 1492): 64v provides the missing letters thus:
for E, ‘Excepit instead of ‘Suscepit’;
[K is understood in the ‘C’ of ‘Clarumque’.];
for S, ‘Sub sceptro tuo inclyto [Tuum defende populum]’.
(The Sarum readings are to be found also in other medieval sources.)
J. M. Neale, A Commentary on the Psalms I, Second Edition (London: Joseph Masters, 1869): 122, gives the text here as ‘Sceptrum tu tuum inclytum Tuo defende clypeo’, which restores the acrostic. Neale follows this sense in his translation. See also The Christian Remembrancer XLIV (1863): 155-156.
A. S. Walpole, Early Latin Hymns (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1922): 311 suggests ‘Sceptrum [tu] tuum’ as possible, noting that ‘God’s glorious sceptre had been Israel . . . Now it is the Church.’
The Ecclesiologist XVII (1856): 5 gives ‘Sceptroque tuo inclyto Tuum defende populum’ as another reading.
This hymn is not in the traditional Roman office, but does appear in the Liber Hymnarius (1983):43, less the final verse.
565
V. Vox Domini super aquas. Ps. 28:3
566
Prayer. Deus qui hodierna die unigenitum tuum
Prime
Terce
Resp. Omnes de Saba. Is. 60:6
567
Sext
Chap. Super te autem Hierusalem
Resp. Reges Tharsis. Ps. 71:10
568
None
Chap. Omnes de Saba
Resp. Adorate Dominum. 95:9, Old Roman
569
Vespers
Ant. Ab oriente venerunt magi
570
Daily within the Octave of the Epiphany
Invit. Christus apparuit nobis
Hymn. Hostis herodes impie
Trans. (Performing Edition) P. Dearmer, EH: #38.
Trans. (Scholarly Edition) J. M. Neale, The Hymnal Noted: #17.
J. D. Chambers provides a translation in the Seven Hours of Prayer:340; revised in Laude Syon:105.
572
January 7
Second day within the Octave, with Rulers of the Choir
During the octave the lessons at matins are read in order; if Epiphany itself is a Sunday, then the last three lessons of Sunday within the Octave of the Epiphany will be read as the three lessons of Wednesday (and the corresponding Gospel Lesson will be read at mass.) The lessons for days 4-6 will be read on days 5-7. In other cases, when Sunday falls within the octave, the lessons for that day and those that follow will each be shifted to the following day.
Sermon of blessed Leo
Trans. WR. Another English translation appears in Monastic Matins:223
Lesson 1
‘Gaudete in Domino dilectissimi iterum dico gaudete . . .’, after Phil. 4:4
‘. . . celi enarraverunt . . . . in omnem terram . . . ‘, after Ps. 18:2, 5
‘. . . a solis ortu usque ad occasum . . .’, Ps. 49:1
573
Lauds
574
Antiphons during the Octave
The antiphons begin at lauds on January 7, and continue in order (with an interruption from first vespers of Sunday to second vespers of Sunday within the octave) until lauds of January 12 inclusive (except for year E, when January 12 is Sunday; in that year they continue to lauds of January 11.
Ant. Stella ista sicut flamma
This antiphon is in rhymed couplets.
Ant. Videntes stellam magi
Ant. Vox de celis sonuit
575
Ant. Admonii magi in somnis
576
Prime
Terce and the other Hours
Vespers
Memorial of the Marytrs, Lucian and his companions
January 8
Third day within the Octave, with Rulers of the Choir
577
Matins
Sermon of blessed Maximus
See Leo Papa I Opera omnia:324.
Trans. WR.
Lesson 2
‘Ecce enim magi ab oriente . . . et venimus adorare eum.’, Mat. 2:1
578
Lesson 3
Ubi est . . . et venimus adorare eum.’, Mat. 2:1
‘Quibus nunciatum non est . . . non qudierunt intelligent.’, rom. 15:21, after Is. 52:15
‘Afferte Domino . . . gloriam et honorem.’, Ps. 95:7
‘Afferte Domino . . . gloriam et honorem.’, Ps. 95:7
579
Resp. Stella quam viderant magi. after Mat. 2:9
Memorial of the martyrs.
580
January 9
Fourth day within the Octave, with Rulers of the Choir
Sermon of blessed Maximus
See. PL-LVII:283-286
Trans. WR
Lesson 1
Illuminare, illuminare . . in te orta est.’, after Is. 60:1
Lesson 2
‘Ecce magi ab oriente . . . rex Judeorum?’, Mat. 2:1
‘Et visitavit nos oriens . . . in umbra mortis sedent.’, Luke 1:78
581
‘Vidimus stellam . . . et venimus adorare eum.’, Mat. 2:1
Lesson 3
‘Vidimus stellam . . . et venimus adorare eum.’, Mat. 2:1
‘In sua venit : et sui eum non receperunt.’, after John 1:11
‘Ubi est qui natus est . . . et omnis Hierosolima cum illo.’, after Mat. 2:2
‘Venit [(inquit)] et stetit supra : ubi erat puer.’, after Mat. 2:9
3 Resp. Videntes stellam magi
583
January 10
Fifth day within the Octave, with Rulers of the Choir
Sermon of blessed Maximus
See PL-LVII:278-288
Trans. WR
584
Lesson 3
‘Quibus non est nunciatum . . . non audierunt intelligent.’, Rom. 15:21
January 11
Sixth day within the Octave, with Rulers of the Choir
See PL-XXXIX:2010ff.
Trans. WR
585
Lesson 2
‘. . . qui respicit terram et facit eam tremere . . .’, Ps. 103:32
‘Ecce agnus Dei : ecce qui tollit peccata mundi.’, John 1:29
Lesson 3
‘Ego debeo a te baptizxari : et tu venis ad me?’, Mat. 3:14
586
‘Sine modo . . . omnem justitiam.’, Nat. 3:15
‘Aperti sunt [inquit] ei celi.’, Mat. 3:16
‘In que concupiscunt angeli prospicere.’, after I Pet. 1:12
Sunday within the Octave of the Epiphany
When Sunday falls on January 7 its first vespers is omitted. Otherwise first vespers of the Sunday is modelled on first vespers of the Epiphany (i.e. vespers of the vigil), with the antiphon on Magnificat Magi videntes.
Sermon of blessed Leo
Trans. WR. Another English translation appears in Christian Ethereal Classics, Leo the Great, Gregory the Great, Sermon XXXIII, p. 413, On the Feast of the Epiphany, III.
587
Lesson 2
‘Non deficiet princeps ex Juda . . . cui repositum est.’, cf. Ant. ‘Non auferetur, p. 41.
‘. . . et ipse erit expectatio gentium.’ Gen 49:10 cf. Ant. ‘Erit ipse expectatio, p. 41.
589
Homily of the Venerable Bede
Trans. WR. Another English translation appears in Lawrence Martin and David Hurst, Bede the Venerable: Homilies on the Gospels I (Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications, 1991): #1.15
Lesson 7
‘Ecce agnus Dei : ecce qui tollit peccata mundi.’, John 1:29
590
‘Non curruptibili argento . . . et immaculati Jesu Christi.’, I Pet. 1:18=19
‘Qui dilexit nos . . . in sanguine suo.’, Apocl 1:5
Lesson 8
‘sacerdos factus in eternum secundum ordinem Melchisedech.’, after Ps. 109:4
Lesson 9
‘Hic est [(inqut)] . . . quia prior me erat.’, Joh. 1:30
‘. . . in principio erat verbum . . et Deus erat verbum.’, John 1:1
591
‘Post me venit vir . . . ‘, John 1:30
‘Qui ante me factus est . . .’, John 1:30
‘Quia prior me erat . . .’, Joh 1:30
‘Post me venit vir . . . quia prior me erat.’, John 1:30
592
January 13
Octave of the Epiphany, with Rulers of the Choir
Vespers
Chap. Domine Deus meus
This is one of the very few chapters taken from the Septuagint.
Ant. Baptizat miles regem
Prayer. Deus cujus unigenitus in substantia
593
Memorial of St. Hilary
Prayer. Adesto Domine supplicationibus nostris
Memorial of St. Mary
Matins
Sermon of Augustine 60
Trans. WR
Lesson 2
594
‘. . . cum vinum epulantibus defecisset . . . essent jussit hauriri’, after John 2:7
Lesson 3
‘. . . ipse dixit et facta sunt, ipse mandavit et creata sunt?’, Ps. 32:9; Ps. 148:5
‘. . . quid non mirum in opere suo Dominus ostendit?’, cf. Gen. 2:3
‘. . . tanquam sponsus procedens de thalamo suo . . . ‘, Ps. 16:6
Middle Lessons of St. Hilary
Trans. WR.
596
Sermon of the Venerable Bede
Trans. WR. Another English translation appears in Lawrence Martin and David Hurst, Bede the Venerable: Homilies on the Gospels I (Kalamazoo: Cistercian Publications, 1991): #1.12
Lesson 7
‘Ego a te debeo baptizari : et tu venis ad me?’, Mat. 3:14
‘. . . apparuit, voce delapsa . . . in quo michi complacuit.’, II Pet. 1:17
597
Lesson 8
‘Tunc venit [(inquit)] . . . ut baptizaretur ab eo.’, Mat. 3:13
‘. . . qui peccatum non fecit . . . in ore ejus . . . ‘, I Pet. 2:22
‘. . . in multis offendimus omnes . . . ‘, James 3:2
‘. . . et si dixerimus . . . et veritas in nobis non est.’, I John 1:8
Lesson 9
‘Johannes autem prohibebat eum . . . et tu venis ad me?’, Mat. 3:14
‘Ego a te debeo baptizari . . .’, Mat. 3:14
‘Ecce agnus Dei, ecce qui tollit peccata mundi.’, John 1:29
598
Lauds
All six antiphons at lauds are based on the same mode-VII melody featuring a prominent perfect fifth leap.
1 Ant. Veterem hominem. cf. Eph. 4:22-23
2 Ant. Te qui in spiritu
599
3 Ant. Baptista contremuit
4 Ant. Caput draconis Salvator
600
5 Ant. Magnum mysterium
Ant. Precursor Johannes
There is some rhyme in this antiphon.
A rhymed translation by Matthew Carver appears in the Appendix.
601
Memorial of St. Hilary
Memorial of St. Mary
Prime
Terce
Sext
Chap. Domine, excelsum est brachium
602
None
Chap. Haurietis aquas in gaudio
Second Vespers
Ant. Fontes aquarum sanctificati sunt. cf. Ps. 17:16
603
Memorial of St. Hilary
Prayer. Concede quesumus omnipotens Deus ut ad meliorem vitam
Memorial of St. Mary.
606
St. Felix
This feast has no vespers
‘Si in una eadem ebdomada uno die contigerit festum iij. lectionum unius martyris et
alio die unius abbatis . . .’
The purpose of this lengthy rubric is, in essence, to ensure that no proper responsories are omitted, and secondly to avoid repetition of responsories during a single week, if possible. It should be understood that there is no duplication of responsories between one martyr and one confessor-bishop; but in the case of one abbot there is duplication with each of the foregoing: R1 of one abbot is R1 of one confessor; R2 of one abbot is R1 of one martyr; R4 of one abbot is R5 of one confessor; RR 6-8 of one abbot are RR 6-8 of one confessor. Thus, with two feasts of 3 lesssons, whenever one of the feasts is of one abbot and the other of one martyr or confessor, the first nocturn of each is to be sung, in order to ensure that no proper responsories are omitted. Specifically, in either case, with the singing of the RR of the first nocturn, while one R will be repeated, the other 2 will not have been sung yet in that week. But in the case of feasts of three lessons of one martyr, one confessor and one abbot all falling in one week, on the latter feast the RR will be of the second nocturn, so that although the one R, ‘Vir Israelita’, will be omitted, at the same time there will not be the repetition of two RR already sung, that is, ‘Euge serve bone’ and ‘Justus germinabit’.
This rubric is particularly appropriate here because January 14-18 comprise as series of five feasts of three lessons.
607
Lessons: Temporibus Dyocletiani et Maximiani imperatorum, exiit
609
St. Maurus
Vespers
Vespers uses the ferial psalms and antiphons
Prayer. Deus qui eterne glorie participem concessisti
Compline
Ant. Salva nos
610
Matins
Lessons: Beatus Maurus clarissimo senatorum
614
St. Marcellus
Vespers uses the ferial psalms and antiphons
Prayer. Preces populi tui quesumus Domine clementer exaudi : ut beati Marcelli
Lessons: Maximianus Augustus Dyocletiani filius precepit
616
St. Sulpice
Vespers uses the ferial psalms and antiphons
Prayer. Presta quesumus omnipotens Deus : ut qui beati Sulpicii
Lessons: Beatus Suplicius episcopus
619
St. Prisca
Vespers uses the ferial psalms and antiphons
Prayer. Da quesumus omnipotens Deyus : ut qui beate Prisce